How to Measure Power Quality

Efficient energy use is a key goal for organizations and institutions that generate, transmit, and distribute electricity. Improving efficiency requires better power quality, otherwise, it can harm electrical systems.

Measuring power quality is essential to identify and fix these issues. Accurate measurements from correct points are critical.

I. Introduction

Most power quality problems come from production, transmission, distribution, or consumption. These issues are often related to load problems at consumption points. Companies that provide electricity must supply energy within limits set by the TS EN 50160 standard. Consumers also need to follow these limits to maintain operation.

One major challenge for electricity providers is identifying which consumer is causing power quality problems. Measuring power quality is necessary to find the source of these problems.

The TS EN 50160 standard specifies the voltage characteristics of electricity supplied by public distribution systems. It provides a framework for ensuring that electricity delivered to consumers meets defined quality and reliability criteria. The standard is widely used in Europe and is harmonized with European and international standards for power quality.

Key Features of TS EN 50160

1. Voltage Characteristics: It defines acceptable ranges for parameters like voltage magnitude, frequency, and waveform distortion under normal operating conditions.
2. Harmonics and Flicker: It sets limits for harmonic distortion, flicker, and other electrical disturbances that can impact equipment performance.
3. Continuity of Supply: The standard outlines requirements for interruptions in power supply, including planned and unplanned outages.
4. Applicable Environments: TS EN 50160 applies to public electricity distribution systems and is not specific to private or industrial networks. It primarily ensures consistency in the supply to residential, commercial, and industrial users.
5. Frequency: It specifies the standard frequency of the supplied power, typically 50 Hz in Europe, and acceptable deviations from this frequency.
6. Voltage Unbalance: The standard addresses permissible levels of voltage unbalance in three-phase systems.

Importance in Power Quality

• For Utilities: Helps ensure compliance with quality benchmarks for electricity supply, reducing complaints and improving customer satisfaction.
• For Consumers: Protects against equipment damage and inefficiencies caused by poor power quality.
• For Regulations: Establishes a consistent framework for assessing and maintaining power quality.

II. What Is Power Quality Measurement?

Power quality measurement means collecting data to check if electricity meets the limits in national and international standards. This data is analyzed to identify problems. The findings are explained to the consumer or provider, and simple solutions are offered. The final result is called the power quality report.

Electrical engineers handle this process. They analyze the data, prepare the reports, and suggest solutions. Their expertise ensures problems are fixed effectively.

III. Tips When Measuring Power Quality

It is essential to measure power quality accurately. At the same time, safety for both life and property must be ensured during the process.

First, proper safety precautions must be at the measurement site. The personnel conducting the measurement must use appropriate safety equipment. Examples include insulated gloves, arc-protective clothing, and insulated footwear. Additional safety tools should also be used correctly.

The equipment used for power quality measurements must comply with Class A of IEC 61000-4-30 standards. These standards define key features of the devices, such as sampling rates, sensitivity, and the parameters to be measured.

If the measurement aims to diagnose a specific problem, detailed information about how the issue occurs must be shared. This helps define the duration and location of the measurement. Clear instructions ensure a better approach to solving the issue.

Correct connection of the power quality meters is critical. The current direction, current transformer ratio, and voltage transformer ratio must be accurately input into the device. Power values should be checked to distinguish between production and consumption points. Many errors in power quality measurements result from incorrect connections.

The timing of the measurement is also important. Measurements taken outside the required timeframes may lead to misinterpretations. Following the standard-specified time limits ensures accurate data collection and analysis.

IV. YT Electric’s Role in Power Quality Solutions

YT Electric offers advanced products designed to support precise and efficient power quality measurements and corrections.

1. Active Harmonic Filters (AHF): YT Electric’s AHF reduces harmonic distortions, improves equipment performance, and enhances system reliability. It supports all functionalities of Static Var Generators (SVG) and provides comprehensive harmonic filtering up to the 25th order.
2. Static Var Generators (SVG): YT Electric’s SVGs correct power factor, balance three-phase systems, and filter harmonics. These devices are essential for improving power quality in photovoltaic systems and industrial setups.
3. Hybrid Power Factor Correction Cabinets: Combining SVGs and capacitors, this solution ensures high precision and fast compensation at a lower cost. It is ideal for applications requiring enhanced power quality without the expense of a full SVG system.

YT Electric’s products are certified under ISO9001, CE, and CQC standards and meet rigorous testing requirements. These solutions are supported by expert training, on-site assistance, and customization for challenging environments like high temperatures and dusty locations.

For organizations looking to improve power quality, YT Electric provides the tools and expertise needed for accurate measurements and reliable solutions.

Expert Guidance:

YT Electric is the biggest OEM manufacturer of low-voltage AHF and SVG with more than 15 years' experience.

For more information on how our AHFs and SVGs can help manage harmonics and improve power quality: sales@ytelect.com

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