Walking into a steel melting shop, you feel the raw power. Arc furnaces roar, induction furnaces hum at high frequencies, and the electricity demand is staggering. But behind this impressive industrial might lies a hidden cost – poor power quality that drains profits and threatens equipment. The Real Trouble: Reactive Power and Start-Up Mayhem Electric arc furnaces and medium-frequency induc...
In modern industrial environments, automated manufacturing lines, variable frequency drives (VFDs), dynamic robotics, and heavy inductive loads have placed unprecedented demands on power distribution networks. While investing in power quality equipment is vital to reduce downtime, avoid utility penalties, and improve energy efficiency, selecting the wrong solution can lead to costly equipment fail...
Installing a capacitor bank should improve power factor, reduce reactive power demand and release capacity in transformers and cables. However, some facilities find that their power factor remains below the utility target even after the capacitor bank has been commissioned. This does not necessarily mean the capacitor bank is defective. The cause may be incorrect sizing, changing loads, harmonic d...
A facility can operate normally on utility power and develop power quality problems after transferring to a standby generator. Drives trip, UPS systems report input faults and lights flicker—even though the load has not changed. Nonlinear loads are usually already generating harmonic current. The generator provides a weaker source, allowing the same current distortion to create greater volta...
Transformer Overheating Explained: Why It Happens Below Rated Load A transformer can run unusually hot even when the connected load appears safely below its nameplate rating. Current may seem acceptable while winding or enclosure temperatures continue rising. This often happens because loading is assessed only in kilowatts or average amperes. Harmonics, imbalance, poor power factor and inad...
A 480 V transformer that runs within nameplate kVA can develop abnormal temperature rise when VFDs, UPS rectifiers, and switched-mode loads inject high harmonic current into its secondary bus. The transformer does not see only useful fundamental current; it carries distorted current through its windings, terminations, and neutral conductor hour after hour. An Active Harmonic Filter measures...
SVG and AHF maintenance is the scheduled inspection, measurement and component-replacement programme that keeps a static var generator (SVG) and an active harmonic filter (AHF) inside their design limits — stable reactive power compensation, a corrected power factor, and harmonic current below the limits agreed at the point of common coupling (PCC). Most plants do not lose power quality equi...
Even-order harmonics are current and voltage components at even multiples of the fundamental frequency — the 2nd, 4th, 6th and higher orders — that appear as asymmetric distortion in a three-phase power system. They behave differently from the familiar 3rd, 5th and 7th odd harmonics: balanced six-pulse rectifiers do not generate them, but asymmetry does. Half-controlled bridges, DC-off...
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